Update:
Hier gibt es noch eine ausführliches Tutorial, das auch robots.txt usw. umfasst.
Allerdings fehlt der support für Themeplus. 
Ich verwende nun eine Mischung aus beidem:
	Code:
	server {
       listen 81;
	set $webroot '/Users/simonfakir/dev/contao';
    	set $errlog "$webroot/logs/nginx.log";
    	set $acclog "$webroot/logs/access.log";
       server_name localhost;
       root $webroot;
       error_log '/$errlog';
       access_log '/$acclog';
       index index.php index.html;
       location = /favicon.ico {
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
       }
       location = /robots.txt {
                allow all;
                log_not_found off;
                access_log off;
       }
       # Make sure files with the following extensions do not get loaded by nginx because nginx would display the source code, and these files can contain PASSWORDS!
        location ~* \.(tpl|html5|xhtml)$ {
                deny all;
        }
       # Deny all attempts to access hidden files such as .htaccess, .htpasswd, .DS_Store (Mac).
       location ~ /\. {
                deny all;
                access_log off;
                log_not_found off;
       }
#
# does not work with themeplus
#
#       location ~*  \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|css|js|ico)$ {
#                expires max;
#                log_not_found off;
#       }
#
# php settings
#
        location ~ /(.*\.php)(/.*)$ {
             set $script_filename $document_root$1;
             include fastcgi_params;
             fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $webroot$fastcgi_script_name;
             fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $2;
	     fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
        }
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
                rewrite "^/[a-z]{2}/$" /index.php break;
                rewrite "^/([a-z]{2})$" /$1/ redirect;
        }
       location ~ \.php$ {
                try_files $uri =404;
                include fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
       }
}
 Zustätzlich eine leicht modifizierte Version der fastcgi_params :
	Code:
	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param  HTTPS              $https if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;